prepulse inhibition a protocol  (Schmid GmbH)

Journal: Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry

Article Title: HU-910, a CB2 receptor agonist, reverses behavioral changes in pharmacological rodent models for schizophrenia.

doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110553

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3. Effects of HU-910 pretreatment on MK-801 and amphetamine-induced PPI disruption. (A) The disruptive effect of MK-801 treatment (0.25 mg/kg) in the PPI was attenuated by HU-910 (30 mg/kg) in all prepulse intensities. *p < 0.05 compared to vehicle+saline group (n = 9/group). (B) The startle response amplitude (pulse-only trials, arbitrary units, AU) was not modified by any treatment (C). Effect of HU-910 pretreatment on amphetamine-induced PPI disruption. The disruptive effect of amphetamine treatment (5 mg/kg) in the PPI was attenuated by HU-910 treatment at all doses tested on 80 dB prepulse intensity. On 85 dB and 90 dB prepulse intensities, HU-910 pretreatment attenuated PPI disruption only ate the dose of 3 mg/kg *p < 0.05 compared to vehicle+saline group (n = 10/group). (D) The startle response amplitude (pulse-only trials, arbitrary units, AU) was not modified by any treatment. Repeated-measures ANOVA followed by Turkey's test.

Article Snippet: The prepulse inhibition (PPI) test was performed simultaneously on two identical startle response systems (Med Associates, USA) with a constant 65 dB background noise.

Techniques: Disruption, Saline, Modification

Journal: Brain, Behavior, & Immunity - Health

Article Title: A20/TNFAIP3 heterozygosity predisposes to behavioral symptoms in a mouse model for neuropsychiatric lupus

doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2019.100018

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 3. Behavioral phenotypes observed in A20þ/ female mice aggravate after immune challenge. (A) Overall spontaneous activity and; (B) activity during the dark period of female A20þ/ mice are significantly lower in comparison to wildtype littermates; (C) A20þ/ female mice display an anxiety-related phenotype as is evidenced from the open field experiment where they spent significantly less time in the center and; (D) more time in the periphery in comparison to wildtype littermates; (E) A normal startle response was observed in both genotypes, however; (F) A20þ/ female animals showed significantly higher startle reactivity when a prepulse was preceding the original startle tone. This is indicative for a sensorimotor gating impairment. Data are represented as meanSEMs and statistical differences were determined using repeated-measures two-way ANOVA using Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test for post hoc analysis (A, F), unpaired t-test (B, C, E), Mann Whitney test (D) and two-way ANOVA using Sidak’s multiple comparisons test for post hoc analysis (F); (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01).

Article Snippet: Disease-associated phenotypes: Startle reactivity and prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle reflex were measured using a Med Associates acoustic startle box (St. Albans, VT, USA) as described previously (Naert et al., 2011b).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Comparison, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Frontiers in cellular neuroscience

Article Title: Alterations of Electrophysiological Properties and Ion Channel Expression in Prefrontal Cortex of a Mouse Model of Schizophrenia.

doi: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00554

Figure Lengend Snippet: FIGURE 1 | MIA-SI animals develop schizophrenia-like behaviors, including deficits in jumping behavior, social novelty preference, working memory and sensorimotor gating function. (A) Overview of the experimental design. OFT, open field test; SIT, social interaction test; RAM, radial arm maze; PPI, prepulse inhibition. (B) Total distance traveled was not changed by MIA-SI in OFT. (C) Increased jumping time was observed in MIA-SI animals in OFT. (D) Top, time spent in the non-social chamber (inanimate) versus the social chamber (stranger 1) during the sociability session in SIT, indicating MIA-SI didn’t affect sociability. Bottom, time spent in the chamber with familiar mouse (stranger 1) versus that with novel mouse (stranger 2) during social novelty preference session in SIT, suggesting MIA-SI caused deficit in social novelty preference. (E) Working memory errors committed across five test days in RAM test. (F) Average daily working memory errors over five test days was increased in MIA-SI animals. (G) Time to complete the trial across five test days in RAM test. (H) PPI deficits following poly I:C challenge and isolation rearing. ∗p < 0.05; ∗∗∗p < 0.001. Control, n = 7; MIA-SI, n = 8.

Article Snippet: Prepulse Inhibition Prepulse inhibition (PPI) was measured using an acoustic startle reflex system (Med Associates Inc., United States) as described previously (Hadar et al., 2018).

Techniques: Inhibition, Isolation, Control